What are the ultimate questions? Why does anything exist at all? What is the source of the Universe? What is the nature of the Universe and man's place in it? What will happen to man after death, and does he have an immortal part to him - a soul?
The reconciliation of both of these two ultimate questions is in applying science to one's self - since one's self is always available for study. This evolves into why am I me, and eventually once a path is determined, why NOT me?
This then evolves into a series of questions relating to more immediate and earthly concerns - how should humans live - by what code of morality and ethics, and how is this code derived? Is he free to live as he wishes, or should he accept moral constraints. What is the significance of art and religion to the individual? And finally, what sort of society should men set up on earth, how should he govern and be governed (see The Land and Labor), and how should he educate himself and others?